Table of Contents for “BABY POOP”
Chapter 1 Why the Poop: The Message in the Diaper 12
Baby’s Vulnerable Gut 12
Gut Beginnings. 13
Problematic Poop. 14
Industrialization and Disease. 15
Industrialized Nutrition. 17
Infant Guts in the Industrialized World. 18
Healing Baby’s Gut 20
Chapter 2 It’s Alive: The Biggest Part of Your Baby’s Immune System 21
Gut Flora Works to Complete Baby’s Nutrition. 22
Flora and Fermentation. 24
Detoxifying. 24
Flora Provides Valuable Immune Protection. 25
Gut-Brain Axis: Flora Influences Baby’s Brain. 26
Establishment of Flora in the Newborn. 27
Establishment of Flora after Cesarean Section. 29
Continued Establishment of Flora in the Infant 30
Flora of a Lifetime. 31
The Road to Health. 32
Chapter 3 Messing with the Microbiome. 33
Good Efforts Gone Bad. 33
Antibiotics: Friend and Foe. 35
Antibiotic Over-Usage. 37
Antibiotics Given to Laboring Mothers. 38
Farming and Children’s Flora. 41
Epidemic Results. 42
Startling Treatment for a Serious Epidemic. 43
Evil E. coli 44
Early Flora, Allergies, and Asthma. 44
Early Flora, Obesity, and Diabetes. 47
Flora and Autism.. 49
Flora, Colic, and Reflux. 49
Antibiotics and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. 50
Thoughts on Choosing Our Microbial Friendships. 51
Some Final Thoughts. 52
Chapter 4 Mammary Intestinal Integration: The Poop on Breastmilk. 53
In the Beginning. 54
Regulation. 56
Antibodies from Mother 58
Broncho-Entero-Mammary Pathway. 60
More Health Protection from Human Milk. 62
Lactoferrin, Iron, and Infant Protection. 63
Formula Supplementing and Floral Health. 63
More about Iron. 65
About Formula and Other Breastmilk Substitutes. 67
Formulas and Preemies. 69
Measurable Impact 70
Breastmilk, Diarrhea, and Gastroenteritis. 71
Other Intestinal Health. 72
More Breastfeeding Impact 74
Breastfeeding Success. 75
Some Final Thoughts. 76
Chapter 5 First Poops: What’s Normal and What’s Not 77
Meconium.. 77
Meconium Timing. 77
Meconium and Baby’s Microbiome. 79
Meconium Concerns. 80
First Feedings. 80
Initial Weight Loss. 81
Next Poops. 83
Jaundice and First Poops. 84
Some Final Thoughts. 88
Chapter 6 Preemie Poops: Optimizing the Health of a Baby Born Too Small 89
Supporting Optimal Care. 89
It’s All about the Intestines. 90
Necrotizing Enterocolitis. 91
Fortify Human Milk?. 92
Studying Fortifiers. 95
Fortifiers Made from Human Milk. 96
Probiotics for Preemies. 97
Some Final Thoughts. 98
Chapter 7 The Character of Poop. 99
How Often?. 99
What Color is Poop, Really?. 100
Normal Infant Poop Color and Consistency. 101
The Shape of Poop. 102
How Much Poop?. 103
Those Growth Charts. 104
Dropping Off the Growth Curves. 106
Normal Sound and Smell 107
More on Normal Gas. 108
Is My Baby Normal?. 109
Chapter 8 The Color of Poop. 110
Colorful Bile. 111
Technicolor Poop. 112
Green Poop. 113
Pea or Bright Green Poop. 114
Green Poop in a Formula Fed Baby. 116
Green Poop in a Breastfed Baby. 117
Clear Poop (Mucus and Fat) 119
Unexpected Yellow Poop. 121
Pale Yellow Poop. 122
Orange Poop. 122
Blue Poop. 123
Brown Poop in a Breastfed Baby. 123
Light Tan Poop. 124
White Threads in Poop. 124
Gray to White Poop. 124
Silver Poop. 126
Black Poop. 126
Red Currant Jelly Poop. 128
Red in Poop. 129
Maroon Poop. 131
Port Wine Purple Poop. 131
Violet Purple Poop. 131
Pinky Red Poop. 131
Some Final Thoughts. 132
Chapter 9 Loose Poop: What is the Reason?. 133
Is It Diarrhea?. 133
Is It from an Infection?. 135
Should You Call the Doctor?. 135
Continual Diarrhea from Birth. 137
Medications That May Cause Diarrhea. 138
Teething and Diarrhea. 139
Change in Routine. 139
Dietary Changes and Diarrhea. 140
A Change in Formula. 140
Diarrhea, Reduced Appetite, and Facial Rash. 141
Juice Diarrhea. 142
Fructose Diarrhea. 143
Is It Lactose Intolerance?. 144
Breastmilk Oversupply and Diarrhea. 146
Food Allergy and Intolerance. 148
Gluten Intolerance. 148
IBS, IBD, or Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis. 149
Other Dietary Causes of Diarrhea. 149
Diarrhea after a Cold, Pulling on Ear 150
Diarrhea with Night Restlessness. 150
Hyperthyroidism.. 151
Autism.. 151
Constipation Followed by Loose Poop Soiling. 151
Diarrhea with Hardening of Abdomen. 151
Greasy, Smelly Diarrhea. 152
Red Currant Jelly Diarrhea. 152
Food Poisoning and Tummy Flu. 153
Norovirus and Rotavirus Infections. 154
E. coli 155
Poisoning from Household Chemicals. 156
Poisoning from Eating Common Plants. 157
Some Final Thoughts. 157
Chapter 10 Caring for Loose Poop: Helping Your Sick Baby. 158
Signs of Dehydration. 158
Oral Rehydration. 159
Fluids and the Exclusively Breastfeeding Baby. 160
Fluids and the Formula-Fed Baby. 162
Oral Rehydration Solutions. 162
Rehydration Solution Options. 163
Homemade Rehydration Solutions. 164
Rehydration for Baby after Solid Foods. 165
Fevers and Sick Children. 166
Fevers and Pain Medications. 168
Other Medications. 170
Caring for Antibiotic-Caused Diarrhea. 171
Tummy Tamers. 172
Probiotics. 173
Preventing Spread of Infectious Diarrhea. 174
Feeding the Sick Child on Solid Foods. 176
Some Final Thoughts. 177
Chapter 11 Hard Poop: Causes of Constipation and Withholding. 178
Is It Constipation?. 178
Soiling: Your Child Has Accidents in His Pants. 180
Functional Constipation. 181
Dietary Causes. 182
Organic Constipation. 184
Megacolon and Hirschsprung’s Disease. 185
Botulism.. 185
Infrequent Poop in an Exclusively Breastfed Baby. 186
Hard Poop in Formula-Fed Infants. 187
Constipation and Iron-Fortified Formulas. 188
Some Final Thoughts. 189
Chapter 12 Caring for Constipation and Withholding. 190
Responding to Infrequent Poop in Exclusively Breastfed Babies. 190
Responding to Constipation in Formula-Fed Infants. 191
Physical Measures First 192
Diet for a Constipated Child. 194
Choosing a Laxative. 194
Natural Oral Laxatives. 196
Medical Laxatives. 201
Treating from the Bottom.. 204
Summary of Constipation Treatment Options. 206
The Evolution of a Withholder 208
Bowel Training. 209
Some Final Thoughts. 211
Chapter 13: The Poop on Colic and Reflux. 213
Crying Babies. 213
What is Colic?. 213
Reflux: The New Colic. 214
Is Colic Caused by Parental Care Practices?. 216
Is it Lactose Intolerance?. 217
Other Possible Causes of Colic and Reflux. 218
H. pylori 220
The Main Cause of Colic and Reflux. 221
Medicating Crying Babies. 224
Antacid Drugs. 224
Proton Pump Inhibitor Drugs. 225
Other Measures for Colic and Reflux. 227
Thickening. 229
Soothing Colicky Babies. 230
The Ramifications of Colic and Its Care. 230
Some Final Thoughts. 231
Chapter 14 Gut Health and Autoimmune Diseases: Autism, Celiac, Diabetes, and More. 233
Childhood Diabetes. 234
Diabetes and Feeding Babies. 234
Diabetes and Other Gut Health Factors. 235
Causes of Autism and ADHD.. 236
ASDs, ADHD, and Gastrointestinal Disorders. 237
Dietary Interventions for Behavioral Disorders. 239
Celiac Disease and Early Gut Health. 241
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. 243
Overlap of Autoimmune Disorders. 244
Some Final Thoughts. 244
Chapter 15 Understanding, Detecting, and Treating Food Sensitivities. 246
Why All These Food Allergies?. 246
Kinds of Food Reactions. 248
Naming Food Reactions. 250
Intestinal Food Reactions: The Chief Causes of Colic and Reflux. 251
Skin Rashes and the Intestines. 252
Food Sensitivities and Behavior 254
Diagnosing Delayed Food Reactions. 255
Finding the Offending Foods. 255
Food Eliminations and Health. 257
Beginning the Elimination Diet 258
Carrying Out Challenges. 259
The Complete Elimination Diet 261
Elimination Diet for the Formula-Fed Child. 264
After Elimination Dieting. 265
Why is Cow Milk such a Common Allergen?. 266
Can Allergies be Prevented?. 268
Some Final Thoughts. 269
Chapter 16 Healing Baby’s Gut for Lifelong Health. 271
Why Give a Poop about the Intestines?. 271
Basic Nutrition. 273
Probiotic Supplements: What Can They Do?. 275
Probiotic Studies in Infants. 277
Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Infant Formulas. 280
Probiotics during Antibiotic Exposure. 281
Providing Probiotics. 282
Herbal and Nutritional Supplements. 283
Healing Mom, the Family, and the Home. 287
Sunshine, Dirt, and Play. 287
Responsive Care and Child Health. 288
Some Final Thoughts. 289
Endnotes
Glossary
Index
Biographies
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